With the improvement of China's highways and infrastructure, and the rapid development of the national economy, the demand for semi-trailers with high transport efficiency has increased rapidly in recent years.
Among the components of the semi-trailer, the tire is the only part of the vehicle that directly contacts the road surface. It not only bears the weight and dynamic load of the whole vehicle, but also mitigates the impact, ensures the smooth running of the semi-trailer, and ensures that the wheels and the road surface are in good condition. Adhesion, braking, passability and safety. The driving environment of the semi-trailer under various road conditions and weather conditions is tiresome. Therefore, it is very important to clarify the cause of tire wear and take active preventive measures to ensure the economy and safety of the semi-trailer. .
1, the position of the leaf spring is incorrect
The normal position of the leaf spring seat refers to its perpendicularity to the central axis of the hole and the longitudinal axis of the semitrailer frame shall not be greater than 3mm, and the symmetry of the longitudinal axis of the leaf spring frame shall not be greater than 5mm, otherwise, the center axis of the semitrailer wheel axle always coincides with the longitudinal axis of the semitrailer. An angle is formed so that the rolling forward direction of the tire on the axle of the semi-trailer is always at an angle with the traveling direction of the semi-trailer. Therefore, the tire cannot perform pure rolling on the ground during running, and there is a slip phenomenon. This phenomenon of both rolling and sliding will give the towing vehicle a sideward force, leading to vehicle deviation. In order to overcome the running deviation of the vehicle, the vehicle has to correct the driving direction at all times. This result not only results in partial wear of the semitrailer tire, but also causes abnormal wear of the tractor tire. 2. Inaccurate position of center of tractor semi-trailer
The center of the semitrailer traction pin is not centered on its longitudinal symmetry plane. Due to the offset of its center of mass, partial wear of the semi-trailer wheel will occur. At the same time, the offset of the center of the traction pin will cause the axis of the semi-trailer axle not to be perpendicular to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the semi-trailer. At this time, due to the air resistance and the resistance of the ramp, the ground will produce an additional lateral force corresponding to the wheel, resulting in extra wear of the tire.
3, semi-trailer traction steering mechanism is not stable
Traction pins of the semi-trailer are connected to the tractor pin holes to connect the tractor to the semi-trailer. There are active clearances and post-abrasion clearances in the connection parts. If the clearance is too large, the semi-trailer will cause back-and-forth impact and left-right swing during driving. The contact between the upper plate of the semi-trailer and the contact surface of the traction seat is uneven, so that the semi-trailer has frictional contact with the pavement in the process of driving and turning, and the friction force when the crown contacts the ground is concentrated on the part. As a result, wear has accelerated.
4, uneven load distribution of semi-trailer
Generally, when the tire load increases, the tire deformation increases, so that the deformation and stress of the tire components increase, causing accelerated tire wear, reducing life. For the same semi-trailer, tires that are heavily loaded wear faster, and tires that are less loaded wear slowly. For a single tire, the large load side wears fast and the low load side wears slowly. In short, as long as there is a load difference, there will be uneven wear of the tire, as long as there is overload phenomenon will have excessive wear.
5, improper adjustment of the left and right semi-trailers
For a two-axis elastic balance type semi-trailer, the difference between the left and right adjustment tie rods should not exceed 3mm. Otherwise, the two-axis axles of the semi-trailer will not be parallel, and the vertical axis of the semi-trailer axle will not be perpendicular to the frame. Increase. This increase in the error will cause the tire to slip, causing the wheel to wear unevenly. In addition, due to non-parallel semi-trailer axles will lead to semi-trailer axle load uneven, biaxial wear on a tire inconsistent.
6. Other Influencing Factors In addition to the above several factors, there are many other factors such as:
a. The tire pressure is too low, the shoulder of the crown lands, and the middle upper arch causes the shoulder to wear faster. For tires with double tires installed together, when the tire pressure is too low, the two sidewalls will be scratched and worn together due to the sidewall deformation. If the tire pressure is too high, most areas where the tire contacts the ground are in the middle of the tread. At this time, the middle tread wears up.
b. The speed is too high, the frequency of the tire being loaded is too high, and friction increases. Tire operating temperature and pressure, high speed, but also easy to make the tire slip on the road, accelerate tire wear.
c. Excessively high tire temperatures cause rubber cracking, aging, and increased wear.
d. Emergency braking is frequent. The tire changes from rolling to dragging to dragging, causing it to slip with the road surface, causing excessive wear due to overheating. e. Excessive crowning can also cause uneven wear.
f. Tire misalignment can result in abnormal wear of the tire due to unbalanced motion (static).
g. Long-term running tires have not been transposed.
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