In the exhaust unit, the exhaust hood mounted on the roof is also an important component. After careful investigation, the kitchen hoods from Type 21 to Type 25 basically follow a pattern that resembles the helmet of the ancient army. Commonly known as the general cap. Because of its simple structure, convenient production, easy installation and adjustment, and good performance against rain and snow, this type has not been changed for many years. We have found that the effect of exhausting exhaust fumes is significantly different in the static and running state of the exhaust fan. A portion of the power is consumed in vain to overcome the airflow resistance. In order to solve this problem more satisfactorily, it is decided to comprehensively consider the exhaust device, from the exhaust hood manpower, the exhaust fan selection and the venting cap improvement simultaneously. Through several tests, the cap was changed to a diversion cap, and the baffle was added to both sides of the hood. The motor and fan blades of the exhaust fan were matched. The performance parameters of the selected fan were selected as follows: leaf diameter 320, voltage AC380V, The frequency is 50HZ and the input power is 180W. Exhaust Volume Measurement The exhaust volume (flow rate) of the two hoods was tested under various conditions described above.
When there is no wind or the train is not running, the two types of hoods can be exhausted to the outside of the vehicle when the fan is turned on. However, the exhaust performance of the diversion cap is much better than that of the military cap. The four streamers below the air inlet of the general-purpose cap fan are only floating on two light belts, and the two light, two-weight and four streamers below the air inlet of the diversion hat fan are floating. The big difference is that the "General" cap has a great resistance to the airflow, and the deflector of the diversion cap has a good guiding effect on the airflow. When there is wind or train running, the fan is turned off. Under both working conditions, the airflow intrusion phenomenon appears in the military cap, and as the wind speed increases, the backflow phenomenon becomes more and more serious, and the streamers below the air inlet of the fan are all floating. The speed measured at the air duct is negative. The diversion cap can be vented in both cases, and as the speed increases, the venting phenomenon becomes more pronounced. When there is wind or train running, the fan is turned on, and the cap can be exhausted, but the displacement is quite small. As the speed increases, the displacement gradually decreases. The diversion cap has a large displacement in the above case, and as the speed increases, the exhaust volume gradually increases, and the exhaust performance becomes better and better. The diversion cap and the supporting fan were adopted by the Nanjing Puzhen Vehicle Factory after the speeding dining car and the speeding postal car. After several years of application tests, the reflection was good and the effect was remarkable, achieving the intended purpose.
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