The internal combustion engine companies are under great pressure. On the one hand, due to the decline in the commercial vehicle market, diesel engines, which are the mainstream of the domestic internal combustion engine industry, are currently under-employed; on the other hand, the National IV standard is about to roll out nationwide, even though oil and other supporting issues are still not resolved. In no way can China's emissions standards accelerate the pace of upgrading.
Where do you go from here? On June 8, Xing Min, executive vice chairman and secretary-general of the China Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association, told a group of media, including the China Industry News, that “I think the internal combustion engine industry is in a healthy phase of stable development. In the future, through technology, The transformation and upgrading of innovation is still the theme of the industry.†As a spokesman for the industry association, Xing Min has consistently opposed “bad luckâ€.
Trapped commercial vehicle market growth is weak
Look at a set of data first. In the first quarter, the total output value of China's internal combustion engine industry was 73.39 billion yuan, an increase of 7.66%; sales revenue was 70.231 billion yuan, an increase of 5.82%; output power was 347 million kilowatts, a year-on-year decrease of 4.69%. The value of export delivery was 9.54 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.08%.
The output value increased slightly while the total power slightly decreased. The reason should lie in the weakness of the medium and heavy-duty diesel engine market. Among the deep backgrounds, Xing Min analyzed that from the perspective of the international environment, the European and US financial and debt crises have not shown signs of improvement in the short term, and the European and American economies have experienced long-term low growth and even stagnation. Therefore, China’s economy is facing the reality that the external trade environment is deteriorating and domestic investment growth is weak.
The lack of investment, plus two years of blowout in the commercial vehicle market, has overdrawn the market to some extent, creating a severe environment for the heavy-duty diesel engine market. The general small gasoline engine, which has always been smooth and steady, has also faced the risk of “double reverse†(anti-dumping, countervailing) because of large export volume.
"It is expected that the long-term development of the high-growth market pattern will not be consistent with the scientific concept of development." Xing Min interpreted this conclusion from another perspective.
China Industry News reporter learned from the association that, last year, the total output value of China's internal combustion engine industry exceeded 370 billion yuan, the output of internal combustion engines exceeded 77 million units, and the total power exceeded 1.4 billion kilowatts. The internal combustion engine industry adheres to the road of new industrialization, continuously deepens reforms, accelerates the pace of development, improves economic efficiency, continuously improves the level of corporate management and independent innovation, and strengthens economic strength, operating capacity, and market competitiveness. China has grown into a well-known large-scale manufacturing enterprise of internal combustion engines and is moving toward the goal of creating a powerful internal combustion engine.
Xing Min said that in 2011, the development of the internal combustion engine industry showed the following characteristics: First, under the superposition of many unfavorable factors, the total output value of the internal combustion engine increased by more than 20% year-on-year. Maintaining steady growth, production and sales also increased year-on-year, but the growth rate declined. Second, the industrial structure adjustment of the internal combustion engine achieved remarkable results. The production concentration of key enterprises was further improved, and the organizational structure was further optimized. Third, the capacity for independent innovation was enhanced and the products met the market demand. New products The increase in output value is large. Fourth, the market demand for energy-saving and emission-reducing products has drastically increased the market volume of the industry's third and fourth national products. Fifth, the overall quality of internal combustion engine products has risen.
It is based on the aforementioned factors that the association believes that although the situation is grim, the industry is still operating on a healthy track.
Energy-saving and emission reduction has reached the stage of pressing the audience
Although the demand for electric drives and alternative fuels is high, the internal combustion engine is currently the most thermally mobile machine that humans can handle. Therefore, the development of internal combustion engines faces enormous challenges in energy saving and emission reduction.
From the perspective of energy development trends and domestic and international demand for internal combustion engines, in the coming decades, internal combustion engines powered by fossil fuels will continue to be the dominant driving force for various types of machinery and equipment. Control of fuel consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and other pollutant emissions have become the global internal combustion engine industry. The important development trend has become the international consensus of the global automobile and internal combustion engine industries to cope with climate change and ensure energy security.
In terms of energy consumption, in 2011, China’s oil import dependency reached 54%, while the internal combustion engine’s oil consumption accounted for about two-thirds of the country’s total consumption, which was a veritable oil user; environmental protection, internal combustion engine exhaust gas pollution accounted for the country’s absolute Most urban air pollution in non-heating season is more than 50%, which is the main air pollution source in the city. "In order to ensure energy security and achieve sustainable development, China's internal combustion engines must move from traditional industries to high-tech industries, from resource-consumption to environmental protection," said Xing Min.
During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, in accordance with the general requirements of the national energy conservation and emission reduction, the internal combustion engine industry vigorously promoted the development of products and key parts and components, promoted the application of advanced energy-saving emission reduction technologies and the industrialization of energy-saving products, and the fuel consumption of internal combustion engine products drastically decreased to replace fuel oil. The application has a certain foundation.
The "12th Five-Year Plan" is a critical period for China's industrial upgrading. It is a crucial moment for implementing China's commitment to control carbon dioxide emissions, and it is also a crucial period for effectively slowing the excessive growth of foreign dependence. The internal-combustion engine industry is an important part of achieving social saving of petroleum, energy conservation, and emission reduction, and it occupies a decisive position in the process of building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society in China. Therefore, it is a very arduous and urgent task for the internal combustion engine industry to actively and steadily cooperate with relevant government departments in advancing the formulation and upgrading of national emission standards.
In respect of energy conservation, the 12th Five-Year Plan of the internal combustion engine industry proposes that through the efforts of the entire industry, efforts should be made to reduce the fuel consumption rate of various types of internal combustion engine products by 6% to 10% over the previous five-year plan by the end of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period. The internal combustion engine products were put on the market more than 60% in the year, saving 20 million tons of commodity fuel, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 63 million tons, using alternative fuels to save 15 million tons of commodity fuel, and establishing a batch of key enterprises for remanufacturing and production of internal-combustion engine and key components. The remanufacturing rate of the internal combustion engine is 60%. At the same time, we will establish and improve policies, regulations and technical standards for energy-saving and emission reduction of internal combustion engine products.
With respect to emission reduction, currently, the upstream and downstream companies in the internal combustion engine industry are actively and steadily advancing the implementation of the National IV emission standards. The standard will soon be fully implemented nationwide, and the implementation of the national five emission standards will also be put on the agenda. 3
Different implementation areas have slightly different focus
In order to guide relevant enterprises to implement energy-saving and emission reduction, the Internal Combustion Engine Association proposed the operating points in the subdivision field.
In light commercial vehicle diesel engines, the use of advanced fuel injection systems such as high-pressure common-rail and electronically controlled monomer pumps is encouraged, and application of supercharging technology and application of booster technology are enhanced, combined with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and post-processing system control functions and on-line diagnostics. (OBD) function, master vehicle calibration and matching technology to achieve the goal of reducing fuel consumption.
For diesel engines for micro-vehicles, accelerating the promotion and application of high pressure common rail fuel injection systems, as well as fuel filtration systems and pressurization systems adapted to China's diesel oil products, will ensure that such models will have dynamic performance and emission targets. Excellent fuel economy and high reliability.
In terms of passenger car gasoline engines, the focus has been on the application of supercharged direct injection technology, mastering the core technologies such as combustion and control, solving the problem of matching supercharged direct injection gasoline engines with complete vehicles, and promoting the development of key components such as direct injection fuel systems and superchargers. It is encouraged to develop supercharged and direct injection technologies for petrol engines with a small displacement, especially 1.6 liters or less, including 1.6 liters.
In terms of passenger car diesel engines, the focus is on improving the thermal efficiency of the whole machine, promoting the use of electronically controlled high pressure fuel injection systems, highly efficient pressurised intercooling systems, exhaust gas aftertreatment systems, and matching and calibration techniques with complete machines to achieve the industrialization of diesel engine energy saving technologies. Encourage the development of an electronically controlled high-pressure fuel injection system for diesel engines for passenger vehicles up to and including 2.0 liters (including 2.0 liters), a highly efficient pressurised intercooler and an exhaust after-treatment system.
For heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engines, emphasis is placed on high-efficiency turbocharging, waste heat utilization, and power turbine applications to increase fuel energy utilization. Carry out research and development work to improve the mechanical efficiency of internal combustion engines, focus on promoting the development and application of low-friction technologies, promote the industrialization of intelligent and modular components, reduce the energy consumption of drive components, and achieve a rational allocation of components and an optimized matching of powertrains to reduce The actual operating fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine.
For non-road diesel engines, the active working conditions and use characteristics of non-road machinery such as construction machinery, agricultural machinery, irrigation and drainage machinery, stationary machinery, and power generation are actively promoted to optimize the matching between the power plant and the working machinery. Reduce fuel consumption during use. To replace the large-diameter (>105mm) single-cylinder diesel engine with high-efficiency, small-diameter, multi-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine, vigorously promotes the use of mature pressurization and supercharged intercooling technology, and actively promote waste heat recovery and utilization technologies for fixed machinery and power generation.
For marine diesel engines, we will focus on the application of advanced technology such as marine medium-speed electronically controlled fuel injection system, intelligent control technology, high-pressure ratio supercharger, dual fuel, and Eé„„GR, and promote the recovery of waste heat from marine low-speed diesel engine power systems. The advanced technology of the diesel-electric hybrid power system, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system and the application of dual-fuel technology will improve the energy efficiency of marine diesel engines and reduce the consumption of marine diesel.
For general small gasoline engines and gasoline engines for motorcycles, the performance of motorcycles and small general-purpose gasoline engines has been optimized. For the two-stroke products, we carried out industrialized application research and product promotion of advanced technologies such as multi-air flow coordination oriented high-speed sweeping airways, and promoted the application of precise and controllable air-fuel ratio electronic control technology for four-stroke products. The promotion and application of high-efficiency drive and power matching technologies for motorcycles and small general-purpose gasoline engines.
For the efficient use of alternative fuels for internal combustion engine products, alternative fuel engines are encouraged to be compatible with existing engine manufacturing systems. Encourage the development of diesel/natural gas dual-fuel internal combustion engines, biodiesel internal combustion engines, gasoline/methanol dual-fuel ignition internal combustion engines, and diesel/methanol dual-fuel compression ignition internal combustion engines. Focus on solving the outstanding problems of key components such as alcohol-resistant fuel supply system, natural gas supply system, ignition and its electronic control system in the application process. Developed special lubricants for the use of alternative fuels for internal combustion engines and special post-processing technologies.
In the development and industrialization of key components, promote the industrialization of key technologies for electronically controlled fuel injection systems, focusing on the quality control of injector assemblies, electronically controlled actuators, rail pressure sensors, and electronic control units to ensure integration The system effectively supports the requirements of the supporting host. Improve the supercharger manufacturing level and its own research and development capabilities, focusing on key products and technical issues such as variable geometry turbines, adjustable multi-stage boosters, gasoline engine superchargers, and supercharger weight reduction.
For the energy-saving aspect of the internal combustion engine manufacturing process, thin-wall casting, precision casting and forging, and advanced heat treatment and surface processing technologies are encouraged to realize the green manufacturing of internal combustion engines with low energy consumption and energy saving. Encourage enterprises to promote the use of AC power dynamometers with high-efficiency energy recovery and high dynamic performance in new product development and factory testing, and to use and recover the waste heat and electric energy generated during the internal combustion engine test to achieve efficient fuel energy integration. use.
Responding to the Fourth National Standard Must Pay Attention to Three Systems
Xing Min told the China Industry News reporter that at present, the outstanding problems in the development of the internal combustion engine industry in China are how to implement the national development guideline and guiding ideology for energy conservation and emission reduction, implement national emission standards, promote industrial upgrading and product upgrading through technological advancement, and improve overall The overall competitive strength of the industry.
In his view, there are still many specific problems. First, China's internal combustion engine energy-saving common key technologies and key parts and components have a weak technical base, and core technologies are missing. The fuel consumption rate of internal combustion engines is 10% to 20% higher than that of international advanced products.
Second, the proportion of advanced energy-saving products in light-vehicle internal combustion engines, non-road mobile machinery, and fixed-engine internal combustion engines is relatively low, and high-energy-consuming backward products occupy a considerable proportion in the market holdings.
Third, the internal combustion engine industry energy-saving emission reduction technology standards system is not perfect, the internal combustion engine product fuel consumption rate limits and test method standards, comprehensive evaluation standards for internal combustion engine fuel consumption, internal combustion engine products and supporting machinery fuel consumption evaluation standards and other missing.
The fourth is the implementation of the National IV standard, which places higher requirements on the high-pressure fuel injection electronic control system, the turbocharger system, and the exhaust gas after-treatment system. The main reasons why the high-pressure fuel injection electronic control system, turbocharger system and exhaust gas aftertreatment system can be key technologies supported by the country are mainly due to two factors: importance and absence.
The first is the importance of the three systems. Since the development of diesel engines today, energy saving and environmental protection have become the theme of their development, that is, the current technology development of diesel engines is mainly focused on improving fuel economy and emission performance. Especially under the increasingly stringent emission regulations, whether or not they can develop “standard†products will become the key to the survival and development of diesel engine companies. The use of high-pressure fuel injection electronic control system, turbocharger system and exhaust gas aftertreatment system is the key technology for diesel engine emission upgrade.
Followed by the lack of sex. China's diesel engine is developing well and has a high market share in the domestic market. However, this does not mean that China's diesel engine design and production have a high level. On the contrary, the main obstacle to the development of domestic autonomous diesel engines is still technical factors. From the design of the complete machine, the processing technology, to the mastery of key component technologies, China has lagged behind developed countries. High-pressure fuel injection electronic control system, turbocharging system and exhaust gas aftertreatment system are representatives of the future technology of diesel engines. At present, domestic related enterprises must accelerate the lack of core technologies, which is the top priority for the development of the domestic diesel engine industry.
In response to these problems, the internal combustion engine association hopes that the relevant departments can provide support from two aspects. The first is to adopt the principle of adhering to technological advancement and promoting industrial upgrading to shorten the gap between China's internal combustion engine industry and the international advanced level; second is to increase the implementation of consistent implementation of various national technical regulations and emission standards, and encourage the adoption of international standards. The prevailing, advanced and scientific technical route has achieved the purpose of promoting industrial technological progress.
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