The reporter learned from Great Wall Motor Co., Ltd. that Wang Fengying, deputy of the National People's Congress and president of Great Wall Motor, proposed her two meetings in 2016.
Wang Fengying analyzed that at present, the number of domestic motor vehicles is close to 280 million, the number of private cars is more than 140 million, and the number of cars is about 117, which is close to the international average. Generally speaking, China has fully entered the automobile society. Moreover, China's public demand for automobiles has not yet reached its peak, and car ownership is bound to continue to maintain a net growth of more than 10 million vehicles in the next 10-15 years. According to this trend, China will become a "country on the wheel." By then, people's production and travel methods, housing choices, urban and rural structures, lifestyles, leisure methods, consumption structures, business models, etc. will also change. This change in the pace of social activities will have a direct impact on all aspects of social relations.
At present, China's automobile industry's "soft" environment, especially the car environment and the developed countries still have a large gap. The poor convenience of car owners and the heavy burden of taxes and fees in various links directly restrict the operating efficiency of the automobile society and are not conducive to the development of China's automobile society.
Wang Fengying pointed out a series of problems exposed by the growth of car ownership: the system setting of vehicle and vessel tax is unfair, which is not conducive to encouraging car owners to use less cars; the toll cycle of expressways is too long, beyond reasonable scope, should According to the appropriate adjustment of urban development, optimization; fuel price pricing mechanism is not linked to vehicle use intensity; the current vehicle annual inspection system is still unreasonable, there is a waste of social resources; urban parking charge management is chaotic, low efficiency, parking fee destination Unknown; congestion charging requires forward-looking planning and requires legal and policy support.
While pointing out the problem, Wang Fengying also made in-depth thinking and put forward six suggestions:
Increase vehicle use intensity and optimize the vehicle and vessel use tax system.
Wang Fengying suggested referring to the vehicle insurance fee collection method, based on the mileage of the vehicle in the previous year as the price basis for the vehicle and vessel use tax. Promote the principle of using more fees and less fees and less fees. It not only encourages the public to use small-displacement vehicles, but also encourages the public to reduce the intensity of private car vehicles. It also uses public transportation to guide motorists to reduce vehicle driving intensity and promote civilization. Travel, green travel concept.
2. Defining the social and operational attributes of transportation infrastructure such as expressways, and scientifically allocating resources to create a fairer and more standardized car environment for car owners.
According to the status quo of social development, the social attributes of expressways within the urban main urban area are redefined. If it is defined as a public facility, the highway that recovers the investment should not be charged; if it is defined as a non-public facility but a business asset, the management model associated with it should also change.
After the social attributes of these important transportation infrastructures are determined, resources are allocated scientifically to create a fairer and more standardized vehicle environment for car owners and improve the operational efficiency of the entire automobile society.
3. Using the vehicle strength as an important charging consideration standard, explore the vehicle fuel ladder pricing system and guide users to reduce the vehicle strength.
At present, China's oil price pricing system does not take into account the vehicle strength of vehicles. For vehicles of different strengths, the unit oil prices they bear are the same. If China will reduce the use of private cars as one of the reform directions of the automobile society, it can effectively guide the owners to use fewer cars by setting a stepped oil price system.
Wang Fengying suggested borrowing from other resource price mechanisms in national life, such as the ladder pricing mechanism for residential electricity, water and natural gas. By establishing a vehicle-to-oil card, based on different dimensions, different models and energy consumption, the different stepped fuel price grades for different models are encouraged, and small-displacement low-energy vehicles are encouraged to enjoy longer mileage. The situation of low fuel price range.
Using price as a guiding and consumption consideration factor, reducing the travel intensity of motor vehicles, and adopting a punitive policy for vehicles with large displacement models and energy consumption far exceeding the average. Correspondingly, users who use the vehicle strength below the average should be given appropriate rewards. For example, the government can use a carbon-equivalent point trading system to allow users with lower vehicle strength to sell their own shares in the market to obtain cash. In this way, it is possible to effectively guide the owner of the individual as the vehicle to reduce the strength of the vehicle, and to adjust the overall vehicle strength of the country from the total amount.
This kind of setting can avoid the psychological impact of the general public and price-insensitive people in the society. Through the two tools of policy guidance and price lever, taking energy conservation and environmental protection as the core starting point, guiding motorists to use the car reasonably, let the concept of energy saving and environmental protection Deeply rooted in every social participant, it will slow down the excessive growth of oil consumption and support the overall national energy strategy security.
The basis of the ladder oil price system must be strictly measured and the decision-making process open to the public. In addition, the state should also introduce supporting measures to clarify the direction of income obtained through the use of stepped oil prices, such as mandatory use of this part of income to improve fuel quality and improve China's environmental quality.
4. Supervision and use of "Internet +" and other technical means to improve vehicle traffic efficiency and improve parking management efficiency.
Strengthen the management of the parking lot, implement the management to the unified department for supervision, and clarify the charging standards to strengthen the effective management of the social parking management unit. Use ETC and other vehicle electronic tags and smart phone online payment function to improve the efficiency of vehicles entering and leaving the parking lot; upgrade and renovate the existing parking lot information technology level, so that motorists can know the real data of the parking lot in the area they are visiting in advance, avoiding A waste of resources.
5. Carefully collect congestion charges, and the decision-making process needs to be open and transparent.
The key to governance congestion is to reduce the travel intensity of cars, prohibit or restrict travel can only cure the symptoms, and the root cause should be to guide and change the way public transportation choices are selected from the perspective of urban planning and public transportation construction.
The congestion charge should also be considered in consideration of the price bearing capacity of the traffic participants under the travel demand. The starting point should not be too high. It should be gradual and orderly, set the assessment time limit, and regularly announce the traffic operation indicators of the region to the public, solicit social opinions and plan the congestion charge. area. At the same time, it is also necessary to simultaneously improve the carrying capacity of public transportation, establish a more complete public transportation network, especially the construction of underground transportation networks, and adopt a peak-to-peak fare system.
6. Modify and improve the laws, regulations and policies related to car use to create a more convenient car environment for car owners.
Wang Fengying suggested further revising and improving the laws, regulations and policies related to vehicle management, and creating a more friendly car environment for car owners. For example, the existing six-year exemption inspection system for motor vehicles will be further deepened. When the new car is first registered, it will be issued to the annual inspection mark with a validity period of 6 years. At the same time, the information technology will be fully utilized to focus on improving the vehicle strength. The rule of law measures for the necessary management of vehicle violations and major traffic accidents, and the necessary constraint management of the vehicle use process. This will not only reduce the time and manpower and material costs incurred by most car owners and related agencies in the annual inspection of vehicles, but also create a more convenient car environment for car owners.
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