What are we missing from torture food security?

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China is a populous country and a large agricultural country. The "three rural" problem is a major problem in China's economic and social development, and food security is one of the core issues of the "three rural" issue. There are several thoughts on China's food security issues and three expectations.

What are we missing from torture food security?

One of the expectations is to recognize the importance of food security issues. On the one hand, when agricultural products are extremely scarce, the demand elasticity of food tends to infinity. When a person is hungry and hard to survive, he is willing to buy food and other agricultural products at infinity, which is consistent with Maslow's theory of demand. In the same way, when there is a food shortage in a country or region, agriculture will be developed at infinite cost, making it innocent to develop modern industry or service industry, thus falling into the “poverty trap”. On the other hand, from the perspective of China's national conditions, China is a large country with a large population and a large agricultural country. The issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is a fundamental issue in China's economic and social development. Food security is one of the core issues of the "three rural" issue and the basis for China's economic development, social stability and national security. Many "great famines" that have erupted in our history are often accompanied by tragic population demise and social unrest, and their warning significance still exists.

The second hope is to recognize the seriousness of food security issues. With the continuous advancement of urbanization, on the one hand, cultivated land has been continuously invaded, and the 1.8 billion mu red line formulated by the central government is in jeopardy. China has a population of 1.3 billion, accounting for about one-fifth of the world's population, but only 7% of the world's cultivated land, and cultivated land resources are scarce. At the same time, due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides or industrial waste, and the erosion of wastewater, many cultivated land has been seriously degraded, and the quality of cultivated land is also hidden. On the other hand, the rapid outflow of rural labor, especially the young and middle-aged labor force, often gives priority to the outflow, which makes the quantity and quality of agricultural labor continuously decline, and the problem of agricultural hollowing is becoming more and more serious.

In addition, the idea of ​​ignoring agriculture and food is more common. On the one hand, from the perspective of pursuing efficiency and GDP, in the issue of food production, the phenomenon of “local dependence on the central government, the sales area depends on the production area, and the residents rely on the market” has always existed, and the attention and investment of agriculture in various places are insufficient. On the other hand, from the perspective of comparative advantage and international trade, some people even questioned the excessive food stocks and pursued the concept of low international food prices and the need to buy more foreign food. In fact, if you rely too much on the main grain producing areas or imports, the cost and risk of food transfer will increase, and you will be passive or even catastrophic in special times or when encountering special problems.

The third hope is to have practical strategies and measures to ensure food security. First of all, land is the basic condition for food production, and the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land still has its necessity and strategic significance. On the one hand, it is necessary to delineate basic farmland protection areas, and on the other hand, to prevent and correct the non-agriculturalization and non-grainization of land transfer. Second, the enthusiasm of farmers for farming is a necessary condition for food production. Since 2003, the central government has formulated and implemented a series of policies to support agriculture and support agriculture, such as grain subsidies and large-scale agricultural machinery subsidies, and continue to implement and deepen the existing policies for supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers, so that grain production does not suffer losses, which is conducive to mobilizing farmers. The enthusiasm of food. Afterwards, strengthening agricultural investment is an important measure to ensure food security. The impact of urbanization on the traditional small-scale peasant economy is inevitable, and agricultural reform is imperative. There should be two basic paths, one is economies of scale, and the other is factor replacement. For the former, the basic approach is the moderate scale of farmland and family farms. The family farms with moderately large-scale land are inevitably accompanied by the use of large-scale agricultural machinery. The essence of this is capital substitution labor, which shifts China's agricultural production from intensive labor-intensive to capital-intensive.