Meter smart metering scientific research won the second prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award

[China Instrument Network Instrument R&D] On the morning of January 8, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council held a National Science and Technology Award Conference in Beijing. The destruction of the North China Craton, the construction of frozen soil and cold regions, the use of laser glass, and the intelligent metering of electric energy meters... These esoteric vocabularies that are difficult for the average person frequently appear at the awarding ceremony. What is the research project that won the 2017 National Science and Technology Award? What are the effects of the research results obtained on production and living?

(Image from the Internet, invaded)

Craton Damage Theory Decrypts Earth Science Centennial Puzzle

What is Craton? The craton is the oldest earth block on the earth and lacks obvious volcanic activity and large earthquakes. Therefore, it is traditionally believed that the craton is stable.

What happened to the North China Craton? The large-scale volcanic activity and major earthquake that occurred in the North China Craton have lost stability. This is a major geological phenomenon that cannot be explained by the classical plate tectonics theory.

Why does Craton lose stability? This fundamental issue has remained unresolved. It is a problem that has puzzled Earth scientists for nearly a century. In response to this problem, the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, through an in-depth study of the “North China Craton Destruction Project”, found that the root cause of this major geological phenomenon was the destruction of the craton.

“If you want to know the whole earth, you need an entry point. North China is an entry point.” Zhu Rixiang, a researcher at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, “Our team has been studying hard for 20 years.” Through regional issues, we have realized the evolution of the life and death of the Earth's continental plate and understood the evolution of the continent."

The “North China Craton Damage” won the second prize of 2017 National Natural Science Award. Zhu Rixiang introduced that the project established the Craton destruction theory, discovered the universal laws of global continental evolution, and developed the theory of plate tectonics. The project is an example of regional evolution of the global continent, making the “North China Craton Damage” regional scientific issue a global research hotspot, leading the direction of continental evolution research, and enhancing the international influence of China’s solid earth science. force.

Based on the plateau, solve the problem of frozen soil

Permafrost, a special soil containing ice. When frozen, it is strong enough to be the foundation of the building; when it melts, it is like a muddy mass that completely loses its bearing capacity.

This characteristic of frozen soil makes the cold area project a worldwide problem. The 2017 National Science and Technology Progress Award (Innovation Team) was won by the Research and Innovation Team of the Frozen Earth and Cold Zone Engineering of the Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Academician Cheng Guodong, academic leader of the team, said that China is the third largest frozen country in the world and is mainly a high-altitude frozen soil. The temperature is close to zero and it is very unstable.

As the plateau railway with the highest altitude in the world and the longest distance on the frozen earth, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has maintained the fastest track record in the world in the frozen ground. This is inseparable from the continuous efforts of the Cheng Guodong team for several decades.

“Carry forward the spirit of yaks” and write SCI articles in the alpine land of the motherland.” Cheng Guodong and his team set foot on the plateau and put forward the “cooling embankment” road construction technology and design parameters to solve the key technical issues related to the permafrost of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. For the past 12 years since the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was safely operated, the roadbed has been stable and the train has reached 100 kilometers per hour. Nature's evaluation of this research result is "an important milestone," and a U.S. research report listed the Qinghai-Tibet Railway as the best railway engineering practice in the permafrost region.

In addition, Cheng Guodong and the team also solved the related scientific and technological issues of other major projects in the cold regions of China. The key technologies for the control of composite cooling subgrade under the condition of wide asphalt pavement developed in the permafrost region provide important theoretical and technical support for major projects such as the Harbin High-speed Railway and Lanxin High-speed Railway.

“The 'One Belt and One Road' once again provided opportunity for the development of the frozen soil and the cold area, and also presented challenges.” Cheng Guodong believes that in the future, the country’s demand for frozen soil and cold areas will remain strong, and relevant technology research will be of great use.

The "Heart" of Laser Neon Glass Laser

We have all heard of lasers and glass. What is laser-glass? Laser beryllium glass is a kind of special glass containing rare earth light-emitting ions, helium ions. It can generate laser light or amplify laser energy under certain conditions. It is the "heart" of lasers and it is currently known by humans that the earth can output maximum energy. Laser working media.

Thousands of large-caliber laser-tuned glass can magnify insignificant laser energy to the level of “Little Sun” in a special device. In the hands of Chinese scientists, this “Little Sun” will ensure the national security and achieve clean fusion. The long-term goals of energy, and the promotion of scientific research on the frontiers of the universe play a major role.

The laser smashing glass project developed by the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences won the second prize for the 2017 Invention Award. After more than ten years of continuous research, the research team broke the foreign technology blockade and made breakthroughs in the key technologies for mass production of large-scale laser glass-lined glass. It independently invented and built the first large-scale laser glass-lined continuous smelting line in China. Large-scale production of phosphate laser rayon glass.

Hu Lili, director of the Research Institute of the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, stated that “laser-glass-lined glass is an irreplaceable laser material in the world. Our research results have accumulated three generations of teams and have worked tirelessly for half a century, which is the result of collective wisdom.”

The research results of this project have increased the production efficiency of laser smelting glass continuous smelting by 10 times, obtained 9 authorized invention patents, formulated 3 industry standards, and achieved strong innovation. The overall level has reached the international advanced level and has met the national major strategy. Demand has had a huge international impact.

Substitution of the machine, electric meter verification welcomes intelligence

The meter is a measuring instrument for the settlement of electricity trades. Its accuracy is related to family expenses and enterprise cost accounting.

At present, the nation's electric energy meters are over 513 million, and the annual inspection and metering amount reaches 80 million. The traditional manual verification can only complete 80 each day, and its reliability is only 98%. Faced with defects such as large investment in manual verification, human error affecting the quality of verification, and low verification efficiency, no effective solutions have been found at home and abroad.

The “Electric Meter Intelligent Measurement Verification Technology and Application”, which won the 2017 National Science and Technology Progress Award second prize, has inserted the “smart” wings for the verification of the electric energy meter.

Jin Juan from the State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company is the person who completed the project. At the age of 50, she is a senior technician who produces first-line technicians. For more than 30 years, her first-line practice has motivated her to think of "machine substitution" and the use of smart technology to promote the take-off of metrological verification. After three years of hard work, she led the team into the first set of large-scale verification systems at home and abroad, and the verification efficiency was increased to 4,700 per day, with a reliability of 100%.

The results of this research were first applied at the State Grid Zhejiang company where Huang Jinjuan is located. “The annual certification capacity will reach 6.4 million, the overall efficiency will increase by 58 times, and the staff will be streamlined by more than 90%.” She said that the economic benefits generated in the past three years amounted to RMB 190 million, and the accumulative inspection and verification meter totaled 180 million. The result was technology. The standard form was extended to provincial provincial measurement centers.

What is more proud of Huang Jinjuan is that, through patent licensing, automated verification devices and systems have been sold to more than 40 meter manufacturing companies in nine countries and have been extended to gas meter and water meter inspections. Intelligent change.

(Original Title: Craton, Permafrost, Laser Glass, Smart Metering, etc. These scientific research achievements won the National Science and Technology Award?