1 Mine status
Yunnan Copper ore is a sulfide ore body mainly skarn-type copper. In the early stage of the mine, the exploration was mainly carried out. In 2005 and 2006, the design work of 500t/d and 1000t/d scale and the supporting evaluation and approval of water conservation and environmental assessment were carried out. A small amount of prospecting flats were constructed at the elevations of 4130m and 4122m, and the flat section was 2.2m×2.2m. The two main flats were PD3 and PD7, and the construction lengths were 340m and 160m respectively. Due to changes in local administrative management, construction stopped. In order to restore the mine as soon as possible and achieve a production scale of 4000t/d, it is necessary to select and optimize the mine development and transportation plan.
2 deposit geological characteristics
The ore-bearing stratum in the mining area is the second sub-segment of the second member of the second member of the Qufusi Formation in the Late Triassic. The copper ore body is mainly distributed in the skarn zone of the top and bottom contact parts of the marble interlayer, and is secondly distributed near the marble. In the horn-rockized sandstone , it is closely related to the skarn alteration.
In 2009, the detailed investigation report identified a total of 48 ore bodies, and there are 10 ore bodies with development value, of which KT2, KT2-1 and KT4 are the main ore bodies.
KT2 ore body: the skarnized marble interbed between 0 and 15 lines and the contact zone between the two sides and the horn-rockized variable sandstone. The inclination angle is 75°-85°, the control length is 600m, and the control oblique depth is 103-604m. The thickness of the ore body is generally between 1.32 and 18.90 m, the average thickness is 7.17 m, and the average grade of the ore body is 2.11%.
KT2-1 ore body: distributed on the 0-11 line, parallel to the east side of the KT2 ore body. The 4100m elevation is generally steeply inclined to the southwest, and gradually turns to the northeast steep slope, with a dip angle of 75°～85°. The length of the ore body is controlled to 600m, the control depth is 35-563m, the thickness is 0.53~19.20m, the average is 7.07m, and the average grade is 1.17%. The ore body has no ore "sunroof" at the elevation of 3800 ~ 4000m near the 5th line.
KT4 ore body: distributed in the 4-11 line, the inclination angle is 70°～80°; the control length is 600m, the inclined depth is 30~361m along the inclination; the thickness is 0.71～9.17m, the average thickness is 2.79m, the average ore body The grade is 1.59%.
3 Comparison of options for developing transportation plans [1]
The mining area is located in a high altitude area. The elevation of the mining area is 4100~4300m, and the natural conditions are bad. Therefore, there are many factors affecting the choice of the development transportation plan. In addition to the technical and economic aspects, it is also necessary to consider the plateau conditions for the production activities and daily life of the employees. The impact of providing as much as possible a comfortable production and living environment for employees [2-3].
According to the current situation of mine development, the special geographical environment of the mine and the full utilization of existing mine roadway engineering and other factors, the following two development plans are proposed.
3.1 Scheme 1: Main and auxiliary wells + Pingyi + auxiliary ramp development plan
(1) The main well. Located in the lower part of the ore body near the 6th line of the mining area, the net diameter of the wellbore is 4.5m, the elevation of the wellhead is 4180.20m, and the elevation of the well bottom is 3747m. The 4.5m3 front-turning double-hopper is used in the wellbore to increase the weight, the wire rope canister, the hoist model is 2JK-3.5/11.5E, and the motor power is 868kW. It is mainly used to raise ore in the area below 4047m.
4077m level provided in the main well unload chamber, the chamber then bunker, 4047m disposed in the middle of the transport adit, communication beneficiation plant. The underground ore belt is set at 3782m and the powder ore recovery is set at 3747m. The powder mine is recovered by elevator shaft, the elevator shaft is arranged near the main well, and a 3t mine elevator lifting system is installed in the wellbore. The lifting height is 75m, and the stopping point is set at the middle of 3822m, the level of the ore belt and the recovery level of the fine ore.
(2) Auxiliary well. Located in the lower part of the ore body near the 6th line of the mining area, the net diameter of the wellbore is 5m, the elevation of the wellhead is 4164.128m, and the elevation of the bottom of the well is 3800.000m. The cage and the counterweight are used as the counterweight lifting method. The cage is made of double-layer cage with a length of 3600mm long and 1600mm wide. The tank channel is made of 180mm×180mm hollow square steel as the fixed tank. The model of the hoist is JKM2.25×4/(I)10.5E tower multi-rope. Friction hoist, the motor is Z500-1A DC motor. The auxiliary shaft mainly undertakes the lifting task of waste rock and some personnel, materials and equipment, and also serves as a wind well.
(3) Return to the wind well. It is arranged near the 15th line in the northwest corner of the mining area, and the net diameter of the wellbore is 4.0m. It is constructed by stages and inverted sections. The upper part of the return air well is returned to the wind flat in the middle section of 4182m, and the middle section of construction is 4047m. Mainly responsible for the task of returning to the underground.
(4) Pingyi. The transportation flat opening is on the west side of the plant, the opening elevation is 4030m, and it is connected with the middle section of the mining area 4047m. It is the passage for ore transportation. Two transfer stations are arranged in the flat, one is located in the middle of 4047m to the lower part of the 4122m middle section, one is located The main well unloads the lower part of the mine silo. The middle ore of 4047m or more is loaded into the mine car through the lower mine discharge machine and directly transported to the concentrator; the ore below 4047m is lifted and unloaded by the main well and then loaded into the mine car and transported to the concentrator.
(5) Measure wells. The measure well is arranged on the north side of the wild duck pond between the mining area and the concentrating plant, and communicates with the main transport flat. The net section of the wellbore is 2.5m×2.4m.
(6) Auxiliary ramps. The auxiliary ramp is opened in the lower part of the ore body between the 0 and 4 lines of the mining area. The section of the roadway is 4.0m×3.5m, the straight section of the slope is 12%, and the curve section and the gentle section are 3%, with an average of 10%.
3.2 Option 2: Main and auxiliary wells + auxiliary ramp development plan (1) Main well. It is arranged in the ore dressing plant, located in the northwest direction of the main building. The net diameter of the wellbore is 4.5m, the elevation of the wellhead is 4021.000m, and the elevation of the well bottom is 3731m. The double-drum lifting method is adopted in the wellbore. The bucket is a 4.5m3 inverted bucket, the effective load is 6.5t, and the flexible tank road is responsible for the lifting task of the ore. The hoist model is a 2JK-3.5/11.5E single rope winding hoist. The motor is a Z710-2 DC motor with a motor power of 868 kW.
The downhole loading belt is set at 3,766m level, and the fine ore recovery is set at 3,731m. The powder mine is recovered by elevator shaft, the elevator shaft is arranged near the main well, and a 3t mine elevator lifting system is installed in the wellbore. The lifting height is 75m, and the stopping point is set at the level of 3806m, the level of the loading belt and the level of fines recovery.
(2) Auxiliary lifting wells. It is arranged in the northwest direction of the main shaft, 64m away from the main well, the net diameter of the wellbore is 4m, the elevation of the wellhead is 4021.00m, and the elevation of the well bottom is 3720.00m. The cage is equipped with a balanced hammer lifting method. The cage is a 2200mm×1250mm double-layer cage, a 180mm×160mm steel-wood composite tank road; the hoist is a 2JK-2.5×1.5/20E single rope winding hoist. The auxiliary lifting wells are equipped with horse heads at 3806m, 3766m and 3731m, respectively, which are connected to the transportation lane, main shaft belt and powder mine recovery level.
The auxiliary lifting well undertakes the upper and lower tasks of the main well system operators and doubles as the powder mine recovery well of the main well. At the same time, when the snow in winter affects the surface transportation, it can undertake the lifting task of the personnel, materials and equipment in the mining area. The auxiliary lifting well doubles as an air intake.
(3) Other works. The arrangement of the secondary well, the return air shaft auxiliary ramp and the measure well of Scheme 2 is the same as that of Scheme 1.
3.3 Comparison of programs [4-5]
The design excavation volume, support quantity, investment and operation fee, and infrastructure period are shown in Table 1.
Scheme 1 (see Figure 1) has a short construction period, a small amount of construction, and low investment; the ore above 4047m slips to Pingyi, and is transported to the plant by mine, without the need for silo lifting, saving energy consumption; After the selection of the factory, the open track is required to be unloaded. The distance between the yards is long, and the snow in winter is difficult to clean, which affects the production. The main well needs to be used to construct the underground bucket to unload the chamber, the mine bin and the slipper. The construction process is complicated and difficult.
After the main well is upgraded, the ore is directly discharged into the original mine silo and enters the beneficiation and crushing system. The production management is compact; the surface transportation link is simple and affected by climatic conditions. However, the scheme has a long construction period, large engineering volume and high investment; the main well service has a large amount of increase in the service life and wastes energy; the transportation lanes are arranged underground, and the wellbore needs to be constructed first, which is greatly affected by unknown factors and has a long construction period.
It can be seen from the above comparison that the project quantity, investment and operating expenses of the first scheme are lower than the scheme two.
Scheme 1 is bounded by 4047m, and the upper section adopts the plan of Pingyi+auxiliary ramp. The construction difficulty is small, and the infrastructure period is 3a. After the project is put into production, the production capacity of 4000t/d can be formed, and the service period is more than 5a. The construction time of the section is sufficient; the second and second auxiliary wells are used in the scheme 2, and the system of lifting, transportation and other systems can be fully formed to reach the production capacity of 4000t/d, and the infrastructure period needs 4a. In terms of engineering construction conditions, the mining area belongs to the Custer development area, the hydrogeological conditions are complex, the construction of the shaft is difficult, and the unpredictable factors affecting the construction period are many. Once the problem occurs, the construction period is difficult to guarantee, and the response capacity is weaker than the scheme. The second ore of the scheme is enhanced by the transportation of the ore, and it is less affected by the climate than the scheme.
Based on the above factors, the recommended scheme is the main and auxiliary wells + Pingyi + auxiliary ramps.
4 Conclusion
According to the production scale of a copper mine in Yunnan and the geological characteristics of the deposit, two kinds of development transportation schemes were designed. The scheme 1 is the main auxiliary shaft + Pingyi + auxiliary slope development plan, and the scheme 2 is the main auxiliary shaft + auxiliary slope development plan. Through the comparison of the technical and economic indicators of the two schemes, the final selection scheme 1 is used as the development and transportation plan for the mine. The excavation volume is 73401.754m3, the supporting amount is 49,412.38m3, and the investment and operation costs are 139.296 million yuan. Period 3a.
references:
[1] Lu Xuezhuan. Deep engineering program to develop a zinc-lead mine explore [J]. Mining Technology, 2010, 10(3): 40-42.
[2] Beijing Nonferrous Metallurgy Design Research Institute. Mining Design Manual: Deposit Mining Volume [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 1987.
[3] Wang Yunmin. China Mining Equipment Handbook [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2007. [4] GB16423-2006. National Standard for Metallic Non-Metallic Mine Safety Regulations of the People's Republic of China [S].
[5]GB50771-2012. National Standard Nonferrous Metal Mining Design Specification of the People's Republic of China [S].
Article author: Duan Lin Song; Yunnan Gold Mining Group Co., Ltd., Kunming 650224, China;
Source: Mining Technology 2015, 15(5);
Copyright:
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