The experience of brick and tile technology The application of water ring vacuum pump in vacuum brick machine Wang Qiang (Zibo Fubo Vacuum Equipment Factory, Zibo, Shandong 255084) The working principle and structural form.
As we all know, the vacuum system is an indispensable part of the vacuum brick-squeeze machine. The performance and stability of the vacuum system directly affect the product quality and economic efficiency of the production enterprise. Here briefly introduces the application process and characteristics of the vacuum pump on the vacuum brick machine.
1 The development process of the vacuum pump supporting the vacuum brick machine In the 1960s, the vacuum pump supported on the vacuum brick machine imported from abroad was water ring type, which was limited by the vacuum technology level of the country at the time and the manufacturing level of the brick machine. Not high, therefore, the domestic water ring pump application on the brick machine is not ideal, mainly as follows: the ultimate vacuum is low, the pumping rate is small (at the same power state), performance is not stable and many other shortcomings, but due to foreign imports The expensive equipment, combined with its unsuitable domestic production environment, has forced many manufacturers to use old-fashioned reciprocating vacuum pumps. Because of the structure and working principle of the reciprocating vacuum pump, the vacuum pump consumes a lot of oil and has a high noise level. The various transmission parts are purely mechanical friction. The replacement of wearing parts is very frequent, often due to a small fault. Parking has affected the production efficiency of production companies and increased the operating costs of equipment.
Later, some manufacturers chose the water-jet vacuum pump. The structure of the water-jet vacuum pump is relatively simple, but it must be powered by a pump with a large power to generate vacuum. The installation method is generally at an elevated position. Therefore, it covers an area Large, high installation costs, due to its working principle and its structure is limited, its biggest drawback is that the high vacuum area pumping rate is very low, and the vacuum brick machine in the working process, the vacuum chamber vacuum degree generally need to ensure that A value of about 0.092 MPa, but in this vacuum area, the pumping speed of the water jet vacuum pump has been minimal, it can not quickly discharge the gas generated in the vacuum chamber, reducing the production efficiency, therefore, it has not been widely used.
In the 1990s, the level of vacuum technology in our country has developed by leaps and bounds. Especially in the late 1990s, on the basis of learning from advanced foreign experience, the vacuum industry, together with the continuous efforts of technical personnel, has made the level of vacuum technology in the country very large. The improvement.
2 Application and working principle and structure of water ring vacuum pump In 1998, the first wall roof material production equipment exhibition held in Chongqing was advocated by Zibo Vacuum Equipment Factory to adopt water ring vacuum pump on the brick and tile machinery, the water ring type Vacuum pumps have gradually been recognized by many manufacturers and matched to make the rejection and gradually replaced the reciprocating vacuum pump and water jet vacuum pump to become the mainstream configuration of vacuum brick machine vacuum system.
The water ring vacuum pump is a vacuum pump that obtains a rough vacuum. Its ultimate pressure is 0.098 MPa for a two-stage pump, and if a series atmospheric ejector is up to a 0.099 MPa water ring vacuum pump, the working principle of a water ring vacuum pump is shown as follows. Pump body, water ring, suction hole, exhaust hole, intake pipe, exhaust pipe and other parts. The impeller is eccentrically installed in the pump body. When the impeller rotates, the water is thrown out by the action of centrifugal force. A rotating water ring is formed between the inner wall of the pump and the impeller. The inner surface of the upper part of the water ring is in contact with the impeller hub. When the clockwise direction rotates, during the first half of the rotation, the inner surface of the water ring gradually separates from the hub and the cavity formed between adjacent two blades gradually increases. The pumped air is continuously pumped through the pump intake manifold through the crescent-shaped suction holes. Inhalation cavity in the process of the latter half of the turn, the inner surface of the water ring is gradually close to the hub, the cavity between two adjacent blades is gradually reduced, the gas is compressed and the pressure is continuously increased. When the pressure is increased to be greater than the external pressure, the gas is discharged, and continuously The gas is drawn away to form a vacuum. In the course of work, heat is generated by the work, which causes the water ring to generate heat. At the same time, some water and gas are discharged together. Therefore, in the work, the water consumed in the pump must be replenished to meet the working requirements of the pump.
Two-stage water ring vacuum pumps (such as 2SK-6) are composed of high vacuum stages and low vacuum stages. Each water ring impeller's double-stage water ring vacuum pump has advantages over reciprocating pumps and jet pumps. However, due to its own principle and structure, it also has its own side. 1 The two-stage structure is more complex and requires higher quality of maintenance personnel; 2 Water ring pumps are more sensitive to the working environment when they are used. The pumping speed and ultimate pressure of the water ring pump are closely related to the clearance between the impeller, the suction and exhaust plate, and the middle suction and exhaust separator. The clearance is generally 0. During the use of the vacuum pump, the pumped gas contains There are many granular objects or local water quality reasons. Due to wear or adhesion of scale, gaps change between the three, so that the ultimate pressure of the vacuum pump, the pumping speed drops, and the rotor locks up. To avoid the occurrence of such phenomena, it is necessary to have a good vacuum filter, properly adjust the water quality, and strengthen the maintenance of the vacuum pump.
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