At present, many scientists believe that future fuels will be converted from carbohydrates in plant materials (biomass), but there are still different views on the choice of fuel types and how to produce them. A few days ago, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Madison University in Wisconsin respectively proposed a new catalytic process for converting biomass-derived sugars into renewable fuels and raw materials. The new catalytic process no longer depends on the fermentation methods currently used to produce bioethanol.
Both research institutions convert glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural itself is not the best choice for the production of automotive fuel because of its high boiling point. However, HMF and its derivatives are versatile intermediates that can be used as fuel precursors or as substitutes for petroleum-based structural components. This type of ingredient can be used to produce certain plastics, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemicals, but it has been rarely used in industry because of its high cost.
Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) used chromium chloride as a catalyst in the ionic liquid solvent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolinium chloride to obtain an HMF yield of 70%. They used fructose instead of glucose to obtain a high yield (90%) of HMF.
Two research institutes reported a method of selectively converting fructose into HMF and then converting it into 2,5-dimethylfurfural (DMF). Fructose can be made from glucose or produced directly from biomass. The potential use of DMF is automotive fuel, and the performance is expected to be superior to ethanol because it has a 40% higher energy density than ethanol and very little volatility.
Both PNNL and Madison University in Wisconsin use a two-phase reactor for acid-catalyzed dehydration of fructose. HMF was first extracted from the reactor with butanol and HMF was hydrogenolyzed using a copper ruthenium catalyst. However, the chief researcher of CNRS pointed out that the method still has some economic and environmental deficiencies. The cost of using these ionic liquids is high, and the use of certain acids and chromium-based catalysts is at a disadvantage. Green chemistry concept.
Both research institutions convert glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural itself is not the best choice for the production of automotive fuel because of its high boiling point. However, HMF and its derivatives are versatile intermediates that can be used as fuel precursors or as substitutes for petroleum-based structural components. This type of ingredient can be used to produce certain plastics, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemicals, but it has been rarely used in industry because of its high cost.
Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) used chromium chloride as a catalyst in the ionic liquid solvent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolinium chloride to obtain an HMF yield of 70%. They used fructose instead of glucose to obtain a high yield (90%) of HMF.
Two research institutes reported a method of selectively converting fructose into HMF and then converting it into 2,5-dimethylfurfural (DMF). Fructose can be made from glucose or produced directly from biomass. The potential use of DMF is automotive fuel, and the performance is expected to be superior to ethanol because it has a 40% higher energy density than ethanol and very little volatility.
Both PNNL and Madison University in Wisconsin use a two-phase reactor for acid-catalyzed dehydration of fructose. HMF was first extracted from the reactor with butanol and HMF was hydrogenolyzed using a copper ruthenium catalyst. However, the chief researcher of CNRS pointed out that the method still has some economic and environmental deficiencies. The cost of using these ionic liquids is high, and the use of certain acids and chromium-based catalysts is at a disadvantage. Green chemistry concept.
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