According to the British "Nature" magazine website, scientists use lasers to freeze molecules to near absolute zero, the first time a single molecule laser has cooled to such a low temperature. To control the material and chemical physics process, making quantum computer a big step forward.
In the seventies and eighties of the last century, physicists were able to cool atoms to cryogenic temperatures very close to absolute zero. The basic principle is to use the laser to slow down the atom. When atoms are frozen to near absolute zero, they follow a special law of quantum mechanics. Vibrating in the state corresponding to their low energy level, which is used as a hypersensitive accelerometer and a quantum clock, the atoms themselves stick together to form a "super atom," the famous "Bose-Einstein Condensed. "
It is more complicated for molecular refrigeration than for a single atom. Atoms can be cooled by a laser, because when the light particles from the laser beam are absorbed, the atom re-emits a photon, reducing kinetic energy. After thousands of such reactions lag, the atoms are frozen within a few tenths of an inch of absolute zero. But molecules are heavier than atoms and harder to react to lasers. Also, molecules store energy by means of atomic bonds and spin, spin, all of which make it harder for molecules to cool down.
Edward & middot; Schumann and David DeMille at Yale University in the United States used state-of-the-art technology and several new technologies to freeze strontium fluoride (SrF) to only a few hundred micro-degrees Kelvin. The research team used a new method to make molecules in the same direction to achieve the overall cooling. First, they chose strontium fluoride, calculated to be less likely to vibrate and hinder refrigeration; they then chose a bunch of colored lasers to ensure that energy was absorbed by the molecule without spinning them; finally, they With a pre-frozen strontium fluoride, and achieved good results.
This ultra-cold molecule helps scientists study the chemical properties of quantum mechanics. At very low temperatures, polar molecules can be thought of as tiny magnets with north and south poles. Researchers can use this property to create a reaction system in which extremely cold particles react with one another, and this is done with ultra-cold atoms Not enough.
The current temperature is not yet at a minimum and the team is trying to cool the strontium fluoride to about 300 micro degrees Kelvin. The researchers said the main data show that it can achieve lower temperatures. If you further expand the laser cooling technology to molecules, you can make a variety of different molecules to achieve ultra-cold stability.
Demier said the final super-cold material will be used in quantum computers. Due to the "magnet" character of the supercooled molecules, this means that molecules can react with each other through a magnetic field. So that they can perform classification of quantum computing, may break existing encoding and decoding of computers, to achieve the principle of quantum overlap and implication generated by the huge computing power. This is the largest supercomputer due to physical and chemical constraints and can not be achieved.
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Casting polyurethane prepolymers involves a process where a liquid mixture of polyols and isocyanates is poured into a mold or container and allowed to cure or solidify. This process is commonly used in various industries such as automotive, construction, and manufacturing.
Here is a step-by-step guide on how to cast polyurethane prepolymers:
1. Prepare the mold: Clean the mold thoroughly and ensure it is free from any debris or contaminants. Apply a mold release agent to facilitate the easy removal of the cured polyurethane.
2. Measure and mix the components: Measure the desired amount of polyol and isocyanate components. The specific ratio will depend on the desired properties of the final product, which can be found in the product's technical data sheet. Pour the measured components into a clean mixing container.
3. Mix the components: Use a mechanical mixer or a high-speed drill with a mixing attachment to thoroughly mix the polyol and isocyanate components together. Make sure to mix for the recommended amount of time specified by the manufacturer to ensure complete homogeneity.
4. Degassing: After mixing, it is important to degas the mixture to remove any trapped air bubbles. This can be done by placing the mixture in a vacuum chamber and applying vacuum pressure for a specified period of time. Alternatively, a vacuum degassing unit can be used.
5. Pouring the mixture: Once the mixture is properly degassed, pour it into the prepared mold or container. Take care to avoid introducing any additional air bubbles during the pouring process.
6. Curing: Allow the poured mixture to cure at room temperature or, if necessary, in a temperature-controlled environment. The curing time will vary depending on the specific polyurethane prepolymer used and the desired hardness or flexibility of the final product. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for curing time and temperature.
7. Demolding: After the polyurethane has fully cured, carefully remove it from the mold or container. Use caution to prevent any damage to the cured part.
8. Post-curing (optional): Depending on the specific polyurethane prepolymer used, post-curing may be required to optimize the material's properties. This can be done by subjecting the cured part to elevated temperatures for a specific period of time.
It is important to note that casting polyurethane prepolymers requires proper safety precautions, such as wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and working in a well-ventilated area. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for handling and working with polyurethane prepolymers.
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